Paintings of Rabindranath Tagore - a slide show-1930

Rabindranath learnt drawing in his childhood and was attracted to the sketches drawn by his elder brother Jyotirindranath.
In 1924, while writing Purabi he started doodling on the pages of his manuscript. Thus, Rabindranath Tagore's famous world appearence as painter in France in 1930 was not sudden. Long before the Paris exhibition which catapaulted him to worldwide fame, in 1926, Tagore had long discussions on his art with Romain Rolland. Himself a Nobel Laureate, Romain Rolland wrote in his book "Inde-Journal" on 3rd July, 1926, that Tagore had been discussing on his application of colour in paintings. He likes very little red colour, the dominance of red colour in Italian village did not attract him. His love was for violet and blue, and for green. Tagore had discussions about art with another Nobel laureate, French Poet, St John Perse, (Saint-John Perse, pseudonym of Marie-René-Auguste-Aléxis Saint-Léger Léger (born May 31, 1887, Saint-Léger-les-Feuilles, Guadeloupe—died Sept. 20, 1975, Presqu’île-de-Giens, France), French poet and diplomat who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1960 “for the soaring flight and evocative imagery of his poetry.”) over their several meetings in 1920s.
Rabindranath transformed his lack of formal training into an advantage and opened new horizons in the use of line and colour. He was prolific in his paintings and sketches as he was in his writing, producing over 2500 of these within a decade. Over 1500 of them are preserved in Viswa Bharati, Santiniketan.
This was his first exhibition.
His message was broadcast-ed from Radio Paris and his dirth day was celebrated gorgeously in Paris.
"Up to the nineties of the last century, the creative talent of the Tagores flowed mainly along the channels of literature, music and drama. Round about that time, the youngest scion of the other branch, Abanindranath in his twenties started taking formal lessons in painting from a visiting Italian art-teacher. Quite early in his apprenticeship, he gave unmistakable evidence of his talent in this new field. The elders took note, and received the youngster within their magic circle with enthusiasm.

There is an album of riddle-pictures come down from old. times which go to show how childlike the Tagores could be. Rabindranath was at that time (1893) holidaying in Simla with the family of his second brother, Satyendranath. Two of his nephews, Surendranath in Simla and Abanindranath in Calcutta took it into their heads to exchange letters in the form of pictures with a story. Much nimbleness of wit and fingers was required to devise these puzzle-pictures. With their cha­racteristic fervor, two of the uncles, Jyotirindranath and Rabindranath joined their nephews in this prank, and, in the result we have some of the earliest pencil­ sketches by the poet. Unlike much of his later works some of these are brilliant miniatures and a marvel of accurate draughtsmanship.

The Simla visit was actually an interlude of the Shelida period (1890-1900) when the poet was administering the family estates in riverine Bengal. To this period belong the letters of the Chhinnapatra (Glimpses of Bengal) series-beautiful vignettes of life and nature, which have few parallels in world literature.

It was about this time that we come across the first pointed reference by Tagore to his 'dabbling' with painting. Writing to his niece. Indira under the date July, 1893 he says:

"To tell you the honest truth, 1 do not quite know what my real vocation is or should be. I am very much in the position of a young woman who, in the pride of her youth, would not like to part with any of her suitors. I have not the heart to baulk any of the muses... If I were to confess without fear or shame, I may as well tell you that very often I cast looks of longing, after the fashion of a disap­pointed lover, towards the Muse of Art. But, alas, she is difficult to win, for, I am past that age when I could woo her "

Several years later writing to his scien­tist-friend, J.C.Bose in London on 17th September, 1900 he says:

"It will be some surprise to you to hear that I have been painting in a sketch book. Needless to say, my pictures are not meant for any salon of Paris, nor do I have the least apprehension that the National Gallery of some countries would suddenly take it into their head to acquire these paintings with money extorted from the tax-payers. One feels strongly drawn to an alien art even as a mother towards an ungainly offspring. That is why when I made up my mind this time to devote myself entirely to laziness, I hit upon this occupation of an artist to while time away. The trouble is that my progress is retarded by the exigency of erasing more than I can ever draw-with the result that I have become more an adept with the eraser than with the pencil. So, Raphael dead can rest in peace in his grave-at least I shall not be the rival to lower his colours". Rabindranath Tagore's emergence as an artiste by Kshitish Roy

Rabindranath in Europe - 11th time (March 1930 - Jan 1931)

This was the last Europe tour of Rabindranatjh Tagore in the year 1930.At the beginning of March, 1930, Rabindranath started for Europe with his full family, Rathindranath, Pratima, and their adopted daughter Nandini. He also took Aryum as his secretary. Rathindranath became ill suddenly and lastly Dr. Sudhir Roychoudhury was to accompany them. The poet started for England with the huge accompaniment.
In 1928, due to illness Rabindranath could not attend The series of Hibert Lecture in Oxford.
There was another reason for this tour other than the Hibert Lecture. The poet wanted to arrange a picture exhibition drawn by him. For the last few years the poet had drawn a good number of pictures without following a definite rule of drawing figures. Those pictures were drawn in a new style and technique which was his own and original. It bore some similarity with the ultramodern style of some artists of Europe.
"Rabindranath learnt drawing in his childhood .......     " vide; post June 12, 2010 Vol-I RABINDRA SMARAKA GRANTHA."; http://sesquicentinnial.blogspot.com
Different critics expressed different opinions about the drawings of Rabindranath Tagore.
The poet with his party get down at Macelles and became guest at Mr. Kann's house in Cupmartin of Monticarlo.. here he met Masseryk etc. He always kept himself engaged in paintings.
He came to Paris in April. arranged an exhibition on 2nd May, 1930 with 125 pictures with the of Andre Carpelles and by spending enormous money of Victoria Ocampa. This was the first exhibition of paintings of Rabindranath. Rabindranath's message was broadcast-ed from radio of Paris and birth day of Rabindranath was gorgeously celebrated in Paris.  

Sriniketan and Sir Stanley

A conference of the members of the cooperative of Sriniketan. Elmhirst along with his wife had come to Sriniketan. The Governor of Bengal, Johnson stanley would inaugurate the conference. This was the first time that a high official would be coming to Sriniketan because Sriniketan was going to get Government grant for Sriniketan this time.  

Rabindranath in Baroda-1930

Sayajirao Gaekwad III (born Shrimant Gopalrao Gaekwad, 11 March 1863 – 6 February 1939) was the Maharaja of Baroda State from 1875 to 1939, and is notably remembered for reforming much of his state during his rule. Maharaja was donating Rs. 6,000/- only per year to Viswabharati University since 1925. In most of the time he used to stay in Europe.This year he was coming to his own country. It was his desire that he would invite Rabindranath to his palace and request him to deliver a lecture. He sent a letter in the form of an invitation. But did not like the language of the letter. He replied in a letter, saying;" I have to go to Baroda and deliver a lecture there. This is the advice. I am confined by silver-made chain with the king's gate - I have been purchased on account  of my Viswabharati. But I am not happy." The last week of January, 1930, was fixed as the date  for delivering lecture.He left for Ahmedabad after finishing Paush-Utsab. He stayed there for a fortnight in the house of Ambala. the place was lonely and he got warm welcome there. He reached Baroda on 26th Jan, just a day before his lecture. He was a guest of the King.. The subject of the lecture he delivered was "Man the Artist"
In the Teachers' Training College he delivered a lecture on Education..
Bangiya Literature Conference was going to be held in the month of February and Rabindranath was supposed to take the chair. But as he was not in a position to remain present in the Conference he wrote a letter conveying success of the conference.    

Rabindranath and Tapati Drama

Rabindranath came to Calcutta on 5th July. He edited the "Raja O Rani" drama and changed it from verse to prose form and gave its name as "Tapati". The 2nd year of Afforestation in Santiniketan  passed successfully. He delivered  lectures in Presidency College on 18th and 21st August, 1929.  
Patrik Geddes established an University in Mampliar, south of France. An Indian college was going to be inaugurated there.As a Chancellor Rabindranath wrote an English poetry,  the introductory poetry of "Religion of Man", on this occasion.
The drama , "Tapati" was staged in Jorasanko Bhavan on 26, 27, 29 and 1 Oct, 1929. Rabindranatnh acted in the role of Bikram.

Rabindranath invited to Canada -1929 (10th visit to abroad)

Rabindranath was invited by  National Council of Education of Vancouver in its triennial conference to speak on Education. Mr. B.W.Tucker, Sudhindra Datta and Prof. Apurba Kumar Chanda would accompany him.A lecture was being delivered by any prominent person in each conference on a problem on education. This year Rabindranath had to deliver a lecture on "Philosophy of Leisure" in education in the conference. In 1930 Prof. Findlay of education dedicated the book "Foundations of Education " written by him. In this book he compared John Dew with Rabindranath. John Dewey was the greatest teacher in Education in the West
(

John Dewey

Dewey in 1902
Born	(1859-10-20)October 20, 1859 Burlington, Vermont
Died	June 1, 1952(1952-06-01) (aged 92) New York
Era

John Dewey (/ˈduːi/; October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist and educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform. Dewey was an important early developer of the philosophy of pragmatism and one of the founders of functional psychology. He was a major representative of progressive education and liberalism .
Mr. B.W.Tucker was one of the accompaniment of Rabindranath Tagore. He was an American missionaries, came to Viswabharati  as a professor. His expenses were borne by Methddist Church. Apurba Kumar Chanda was a professor of Presidency College and subsequently became Director in the Education Dept. of Government of Bengal. Sudhindranath was a young prospective poet and son of Pandit Girendranath Datta, sympathiser of Viswabharati.
He had to go to Canada  through Pacific Ocean because the conference would be held in Vancouver.He was going to Canada staying for two days in Tokyo,Japan in March, !929.
Having reached Canada, he found that Andrews came there after getting a tour round the America.
The poet stayed in Canada for 10 days. He delivered two lectures, 1. Philosophy on Leisure and 2. Philosophy on Literature. At that time Governor General of Canada was Lord Willingdon. He was introduced with Rabindranath. He also had been appointed as Viceroy of India.
Rabindranath had an intention of going to USA after finishing his business in Canada. But he could not go there due some peculiar behavior of the officers in the Revenue department. He returned to Santiniketan after visiting Japan and Indo-Chinain July 1929. In Indo-China he stayed for three days, from 21st June to 24th June. He visited at Saigon to a Hindu-China art museum.        

Rabindranath and Afforestation

Rabindranath passed two months in Madras, Ceylon, and Mysore. Rathindranah and Pratima Devi were in tour programme in Europe. Prasanta Chandra was also in London.Two leading personalities  of Shantiniketan were out of station. All the responsibilities of Shaniniketan was on the shoulder of Rabindranath Tagore.  Sometimes he was thinking of taking brush and colour and draw some pictures . Sometimes he was thinking of singing like humming. But nothing suited  his mental condition. In the mean time rainy season was set in. and his mental fatigue was  removed. He decided to observe afforestation day in Shantiniketan on 14th July, 1928 and on the next day ploughing ceremony would be celebrated in Sri Niketn.
At the end of the month of July Rabindranath went to Calcutta for his treatment.
Rathindranath and his party came to Shantiniketan after a long tour in Europe on 9th Nov 1928.. 

Rabindranath invited to go to Great Britain-1928

(Oxford University)
Rabindranath was invited by Oxford University to deliver lecture in Hibert series of Lecture. Not only an Indian but also in the Eastern World,  none was invited so far to attend this lecture.
He started for Madras to get a ship for going to London. Arium Williams accompanied him. Prasanta Chandra was going to Euroup  with his wife for a tour. He also accompanied Rabindranath. But the poet became ill on the way.He took rest for some days in Madras and passed a few days as a guest of the king of Pithapuram. He did not give up the hope of going to London. He decided to go to Calumbo by ship and then he would take a ship going to Europe. On the way he dropped at Pandicheri and met Sri Arabinda there. It was about twenty years since he met him. A revolutionary was now a spiritual searcher. Usually he did not meet any body outside the fixed dates. But in the case of Rabindranath. He took it as an exception and met Rabindranath.
After reaching  Columbo Rabindranath again fell ill and he had to give up the idea of going to London. He stayed in Columbo for about ten days and then came to Bangalore of Mysore. Brajendranath Seal was then the Principal of University of Columbo.  Rabindranath wrote " Sesjer kabita" on 28 July, 1928.
He came back to Shantiniketan after about two months.
  

Rabindranath in Calcutta-1928

After about three and half months Rabindranath returned to Calcutta from South East Asia on 27th Oct 1927. At first he kept himself engaged in writing some essays on Literature and answering to some criticisms made by the younger generation.He edited the book "Nataraj" and re-wrote the same in the new name "Rituranga"
"Rituranga" was staged in Calcutta . This year the stage management and dance design was seen to bear some reflection of Javanese art. Surendranath Kar was in charge of such designing. Another direct effect of the tour of Java was perceived in a cottage industry  and that was Batick print.Surendranath came with a training in that art and established this art in Kalabhavan. This art of colouring the Clothes was gradually spread through out Bengal. A new avenue was opened for income by the women section of the society.
The Poet remained sometimes in Calcutta and sometimes in Shantiniketan. He was writing the novel "Yogayog". But he was aging.
In the mean time he got an invitation from Oxford University in May 1928, 

Rabindranath in Java and Bali

Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia, roughly be described as geographically situated east of east of the Indian subcontinent, south of China and north of Australia, between the Indian Ocean (in west) and the Pacific Ocean (in east).

It consists of two distinctive different geographic regions, one is mainland Southeast Asia, also known as Indochina, on the Indochinese peninsula; it comprises the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Vietnam and West Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia), the other is the Malay Archipelago, or Maritime Southeast Asia, which comprises the countries of: Brunei (on the island of Borneo), East Malaysia (with the Malayan states of Sabah and Sarawak on the northern part of Borneo), all the islands of Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and Timor-Leste (East Timor)

From Malay Rabindranath came to bali via java. The detail description of visit to Bali is available in " Letters of the passenger of Java", written by Tagore. Suniti Kumar Chattopadhyay also wrote a book, " Dwipamay Bharat" to express detial of their journey in South East Asia. Once bali was a seat of  Hindu religion and culture. Still there are some remnants of the religion and culture in Bali. Once this part of the world Malay and Indonesia was part of the Greater India. This was the only thinking in the minds of the poet that how to regain India's lost jurisdiction.Maly and Indonesia are the link islands to the world abroad. It was only Rabindranath who have come to these islands to establish a fresh contact with Maly and Indonesia and he was the pioneer linkman of India. Then they had come to the Capital Batavia of Jakarta. He came here this time to visit this country thoroughly .He stayed in Bali for two weeks.
They started from Surabaya, a city of Jakarta. Here Rabindranth inaugurated a road earmarked by his name. He visited a school run in the ideals of Shantiniketan. The biggest King's family used to live here.Though his wealth were all stolen but his prestge could not be removed. They were Muslims but expert in dancing of the tales of Ramayana and Mahabharata. Religion did not stand in their way maintaining their own culture..Simultaneously, they maintain all their rituals and customs of Muslim religion.
On 9 Sept. Rabinranath visited a Bodha Temple at Borobudur. Stayed in Bundung for three days. Rabindranath returned to Jakarta on 27th Sept, 1927.
Borobudur

Borobudur, or Barabudur, is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist Temple in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Rabindranath returned to Calcutta via Bankak on 27th Oct,1927

Rabindranath in Malay Dwip

Malacca (Malay: Melaka, dubbed "The Historic State" ) is the third  smallestMalaysian state after Perlis and Penang. It is located in the southern region of theMalay Peninsula, next to the Straits of Malacca. It borders Negeri Sembilan to the north and Johor to the south.
From Singapore Rabindranath came to Malacca of Malay Dwip on 27th July. The residents of Malayesia are mostly Muslims living in small states under different Sultans. The overall ruler was British. But the actual power lied in the hands the owners of Rubber Garden and the owners of Mines of Tin and these owner were Britishers. The people of Cina, India and Malay were mostly laburers. Some were clerks. Rabindranath's tour programme started after landing in Malay. In the mean time he was writing diary of a passenger to Yava. He wrote in a letter;
" I am tired now, I have to attend 2/3 programmes in aday.Invivitations are coming from new places.I am sailing my boat as the wind blows. The road is long but the fund is limited. I am going through different places by gathering experiences , delivering lectures, and spending dollars in different hotels.My tour programme depends on my capacity for delivering lectures and so long my health permits."
The owners of Rubber forest and the owners of mines of Tin knew  India as the supplier of chief labours. They became astonishd to find a person coming from that country was honoured everywhere. They could not bear this. They arranged agents for scandellng against Rabindranath. But a young journalist from south India expressed vividly how the English people are trying to malign their poet. He quoted the original passage from the writings of Rabindranath. From malay the poet went to Belaban of Sumatra Dwip on 17th August,1927.and came back to Singapore. From Singapore he went to Yava on 19th Aug by ship. He wrote a poem reaching Tanojang-  Priok from the ship, titled " Sree bijoylakshmi". He reached there on 21st Aug in Batavia, capital of Yava.    . 

Rabindranath Tagore to S.E. Asia- July 1927

Rabindranath started for Madras from Calcutta to go to South East Asia on 12th July 1927 and from Madras to Singapore in 20th July and stayed there from 20th to 26 July, 1927. Surendranath Kar , Dhirendrakrishna Devbarma and Suniti Kumar Chattopadhyay on behalf Calcutta University accompanied in the tour of Rabindranath to S.E. Asia. The Dutch Prof Bucke and his wife also accompanied Rabindranath. Prof Bucke and his wife were  in Shantiniketan for sometime to collect some material information on Rabindra sangeet and eastern-classical music. After reaching Singapore they went to Yabadwip to get accomodation for Rabindranath. At that time Yabadwip was under Dutch rule. In Singapore Rabindranath stayed for 5/6 days, delivered many lectures, addressed many meetings, and get acquainted  with  many persons. The Indians in Singapore were mostly belonged to working class.They have come to see a renowned person coming from India and became pleased to see the elderly beautiful Rabindranath.
From Singapore the poet went to Malay where Abiram Williams reached earlier to make all arrangements for Rabindranath and his party.
  They reached Malacca on 27th July, 1927 and stayed there upto 30th of July. The inhabitants of Malay are mainly  Muslims with small states of Sultans Goverened by British. The main ruling class consisted of propreiters of Tea Gardens and owners of mines of Tin, mostly English. The persons  coming from India, China and the Malayanese      

Rabindranath in Shillong-1927

Ambalal Sarabhai was a leading industrialist of Ahmedabad and also played an important role in India's freedom struggle. He was founder of Sarabhai group of Companies, like Sarabhai Textiles, Calico Textile Mills, Sarabhai Chemicals & others. Wikipedia

Born: 1890 Died: 1967

At thr request of Amabala Sarabhai Rabindranath went to Shillong with his family in summer vacatio of 1927.. A residential quarter was arranged for him near the house of Ambala Sabhai. He was writing a novel to be published in "Bichitra" from the month of Asharh. At first he decide to give its name as "Tinpurush" but later he changed the name to "Yogayog"..

Rabindranath in Hindi-Sahitya Sammelan-1927

This year (1927) Hindi Sahitya Sammelan in Bharatpur, Rajasthan, was convened and Rabindranath was invited to preside over the conference. A messenger of Kiran Singh, Maharaja of Rajasthan, came to Shantiniketan. This time biographer of Rabindranth accompnied him to Bhartpur. The poet was given accomodation in the palace. A huge arrangement was made for the Hindi Sahitya conference. Thousands of delegates attended the conference.Rabindranath delivered his speech in English.
In the mean time, an initiative was taken to make Hindi as the State language of India. The Poet in his speech said;
" A language cannot be made a State Language only it is necessary for the state but this is not the sufficient condition. To become a state language , it must have literary qualities."
Rabindranath was taken to visit local sight seeing. A big lake was there at a distance from the city where different birds came from different places. All on a sudden he found a board where it was written the names of foreigners who had killed birds more than thousands. Having seen the board he got hurt and left the place immediately. The ancient poet of Ramayana had first circulated a notice prohibiting killing of birds. It was Rabindranath who also issued notices prohibiting killing of birds in his estate. Even the Government officers were not allowed to violate the notice.

Rabindranath came to Ahmedabad via Joypur from Bharatpur. Here he became guest of Ambala sarabhai and stayed there for 2/3 days. In the mean time he received a book, Biography of Rabindranath, written by Prof Edward Thompson.   Rabindranath didnot like the book as it not only contaied some errors but also corraborated some unpleasant language. Rabindranath wrote an article in Praasi in his disguise name " Bani Benode Bandyopadhyay" expressing his critical opinion. From Ahmedabad he came to Agra and then came back to Shantiniketan.  

(video)-Natir Puja- Nrity Natya

After Maghotsab "Natir Puja" was staged at Jorasanko Bhavan on 28,29, and 31st January, 1927. This was the first time that the girl students appeared in stage as the artists before the public. Gouri Devi, daughter of Nandalal Basu acted in the role of Nati. This drama created a new light in the atmosphere of darkness.

Swami Shraddhananda and Hindu-Muslim Relation

Swami Shraddhanand was an Indian educationist and an Arya Samaj missionary who propagated the teachings of Swami Dayanand.
On 23 December 1926 he was assassinated by a Muslim fanatic named  Abdul Rashid, who entered his home at Naya Bazar, Delhi, by posing as a visitor. Upon his death, Gandhiji moved a condolence motion at the Guwahati session of the Congress on December 25, 1926.

Rabindranath in Egypt-nov 1926

Fuad I (26 March 1868 – 28 April 1936) was the Sultan and later King of Egypt andSudan, Sovereign of Nubia, Kordofan, and Darfur. The ninth ruler of Egypt and Sudan from the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, he became Sultan of Egypt and Sudan in 1917, succeeding his elder brother Sultan Hussein Kamel. He substituted the title of King for Sultan when the United Kingdom recognised Egyptian independence in 1922. His name is sometimes spelled Fouad. Rabindranath reached Cairo, capital of Egypt, on 27 Nov 1926 and was greeted by King Fuad. he was greeted by the Arabian songs and instrumental music. Hde visited the Museum. The King gifted a set Arabian books for Shantiniketan.

On the way to Suez Canal he got the sad news of Santosh Chandra Majumdar, a student of the first batch of students of Shantiniketan.
After passing seven/eight months in abroad he returned to Shantiniketan on 1st Dec 1926.

Rabindranath in Central Europe (contd-2)

After some time when he was feeling better, he started for Yogoslavia. He delivered lecture for two consecutive dates in the University of Begrade, the capital of Yogoslavia. Then he delivered lecture in Sofia, capital of Bulgaria and went to , Bucharest, capital of Yugoslavia. Here he became king's guest and stayed for five days by discussing on literature and reaction with others.

He came to a city in Black Sea and ascended the ship, stayed there for two days  and went to Istanbul. He was tired and could not move but his associates had a visit in Istanbul.
He got down at Pyas city and ovrlooked Athens. The king of Greece honoured him by offering him a title.Mr. and Mrs Mahalanabis bade a good bye from the Poet at Athens.

Rabindranath in Central Europe (contd-1)

Continuing his tour in Vienna, the capital of Austria, he reached in Budapest, the capital of Hungary. But physical condition of the Poet was so bad that he was not able to move further. his energy was completely exhausted. He couldnot endure so much exhaustion of troubling in a hurricane tour.he was continuously delivering his lectures in different places.At last he was advised to take rest on the shore of balaton Lake.

(Lake Balaton, or The Balaton, is a freshwater lake in the Transdanubian region of Hungary. It is the largest lake in Central Europe, and one of its foremost tourist destinations.)  
He took rest in a sanatorium on the shore of Balaton Lake. Here he wrote several songs. The poet planted a tree here. It was said that the tree was still alive.
With the help of Prasanta two books, Lekhan and Baikali, was printed. The first one was done in the lifetime of Rabindranath. 

Rabindranath in Central Europe

Rabindranath crossed the Baltic Sea and arrived at the central Europe. When he left bengal he remained  silence for about four months.He began to creat songs after crossing the Baltic sea. He wrote songs again. But the song could have been written in Shantiniketan or on the bank of Ganges. For this he did not have  needed any foreign situation. 

He went to Hamburg, Berlin, Munick, Nyurbarg, Stut Guard, Draceldroff and so many places.He was delivering lectures in all places and meeting several important personalities. At the same time  he was writing songs as well. What pleasure and transparency the poet had got even at the period when his son was ill in a nursing home at Berlin. he had undergone a difficult operation without informing any of his relative. Rabindranath visited the nursing home and saw Rathindranath recovering from illness.  He started for Czechoslovakia and halted at the capital, Prague of Czechoslovakia  for five days. There he was accompanied by  Winternitz and Prof. Lessley who at a time acted as a lecturer in Shantiniketan.

1863-1937

Moriz Winternitz was an outstanding scholar who wrote on religion, folk­lore, the epics and Sanskrit literature. He is best remembered for his "His­tory of Indian Literature,“ a work in three volumes, which is considered indispensable for teachers and stu­dents alike. Winternitz was also one of the co-sponsors of a critical edition of the Mahabharata, a project that held his attention throughout his life .

Rabindranath in Norway

Rabindranath passed three weeks in England and went to middle Europe. This is his second visit to this place.Prasanta Chndra Mahalanobis and his wife accompanied him. Rathindranath could not accompany due to his illness. Last time he came to Sweden, but this time he came to Norway.He had some information about Norway from Pof Sten Konow.(Sten Konow (17 April 1867 – 29 June 1948) was a Swedish Indologist. He was professor of Indic philology at the Christiania University, Oslo, from 1910, moving to Hamburg University in 1914, where he was professor for Indian history and culture. He returned to Oslo as professor for Indian languages and history in 1919). He was the 3rd foreign professor in Shantiniketn who came in 1924-1925.He came after Levy and Winternitz but just before Farmichi. He had strong desire to bring Rabindranath in his country.The poet also wanted to come here. He liked the drama of the  litterateur of Norway, Henrik Ibsen (Norwegian playwright and poet. For other persons named Ibsen,

Henrik Ibsen
Henrik Ibsen by Gustav Borgen
Born	Henrik Johan Ibsen (1828-03-20)20 March 1828 Skien, Norway
Died	23 May 1906(1906-05-23) (aged 78) Christiania (Oslo), Norway
Occupation	Writer
Nationality	Norwegian
Signature

Henrik Johan Ibsen (Norwegian: [ˈhɛnɾɪk ˈɪpsən]; 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a major 19th-century Norwegian playwright, theatre director, and poet. He is often referred to as "the father of realism" and is one of the founders of Modernism in the theatre. His major works include Brand, Peer Gynt, An Enemy of the People, Emperor and Galilean, A Doll's House, Hedda Gabler, Ghosts, The Wild Duck, Rosmersholm, and The Master Builder. He is the most frequently performed dramatist in the world after Shakespeare, and indeed, A Doll's House is the world's most performed play.

Rabindranath was fond of Ibsen and liked drama written by him. some critics said that Rabindranath was influenced by him while writing dramas. This time he also saw the country of Ibsen.

He then stayed for few hours in Sweden and Denmark and then went ti the middle of Europe. 

Rabindranath in Dartington Hall, London

In Villeneuve Rabindranath met different greatmen of France, Germany etc and became much pleased. He visited Jurich, Vienna, and Paris and then came to England. From London he went straight to Tottenos village in Devonshire. In 1925, Elmhirst purchased a house named Dartington Hall and established a school there.He introduced the same method of teaching as in Shantiniketan and Sriniketan. Elmhirst got huge property bny marrying his American friend. Now, he was doing some work for public benifit with that money.
Dartington Hall School

The Dartington Hall Trust, near Totnes, Devon, England, is a charity specialising in the arts, social justice and sustainability.
The Trust currently runs 16 charitable programmes, including The Dartington International Summer School and Schumacher College. In addition to developing and promoting arts and educational programmes, the Trust hosts other groups and acts as a venue for retreats.

Dartington Hall School, founded in 1926, offered a progressive coeducational boarding life. When it started there was a minimum of formal classroom activity and the children learnt by involvement in estate activities. With time more academic rigour was imposed, but it remained progressive and had mixed success educating the children, sometimes the more wayward ones, of the fee-paying intelligentsia. A noted alumnus was Lord Young, a founder of Which? and the Open University. Lucian Freud attended the school for two years, and his brother Clement Freud was also a pupil at Dartington. Oliver Postgate, Martin Bernal, Ivan Moffat, Matthew Huxley and Richard Leacock are also noted alumni.
At its peak the school had some 300 pupils. However, with the advent of state-based progressive education, the death of its founders, and the appointment of a new headmaster who was at odds with the school's philosophies and subsequently generated a significant amount of negative publicity, the school suffered a dramatic drop in recruitment. Despite the efforts of those who cared about the school, it finally shut its doors in 1987. After the school's closure a number of staff and students set up Sands School which still carries some of the principles that Dartington once had.
The editor and writer Miriam Gross wrote an interesting account of the school, and of her time there, in the May 2011 edition of Standpoint magazine.
Rasbindranath came to Dartington Hall to visit newly founded school by Enderson. he married a rich American lady and got huge property which he utilised for charitable work. He stayed at Carbis Bay

Rabindranath in Europe-1926

Rabindranath ultimately came to England after a journey in Jurich, Vienna, and Paris. From London he went straight to Totnes village of Devonshire.